Bureaucratic management style, first formalized by sociologist Max Weber, has become synonymous with systematic processes and hierarchical authority. It is a widely recognized organizational structure that plays a critical role in the functioning of modern institutions, both public and private.
Learning is a complex process. Although we may learn something new every day, it is an intricate process requiring many cognitive skills. The term “Bloom’s Taxonomy” may sound so jargon to many ears yet bears such a simple and easily comprehendible meaning. Taxonomy simply refers to categorization.
We as humans construct our personalities and beliefs based on the multitude of aspects; amongst which the aspect of social influence plays a pivotal role. As we are social beings, we structure and design our perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours through the interactions around our social networks. Therefore, it is fitting to make the notion that our environment makes the most of us.
Erik Erikson was a developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst, who contributed to the study of development, by giving us the stages of psychosocial development. He believed that an individual’s personality develops through 8 stages, from infancy to adulthood.
David McClelland, an American psychologist developed the theory of needs in the 1960s. It is also called the Three Needs Theory, acquired needs theory, or Learned needs theory. It is a theory to explain motivation and focuses on 3 specific aspects, namely, achievement, power and affiliation. This theory explains what these needs are and how they can impact our behavior, especially in an industrial setting.
George is a 9-year-old child. He spots a lighter on a table and attempts to play with it. A hint of fire comes out and touches his finger. He feels the pain and learns that fire is dangerous, and that lighters are not meant to be played with. This incident or experience teaches him something.
Griffin works at a firm, is planning to pursue a PhD and makes time for the gym as well. How does he do these things? This includes a combination of various factors that keep motivating him. He is being motivated through rewards, money and incentives and enjoys continuing his job. His interest and thirst for knowledge drive him in pursuing a PhD. Going to the gym for his health and fitness could be because of his health and beauty concerns.
The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is very similar to that of the one which slightly preceded it and that is the theory of reasoned action. Although these two theories came during a different timeline, they predominantly hold the same assumptions about behavior. TRA and TPB believed that behaviors are influenced by intentions and intentions are created from attitudes.
Thinking is defined as a cognitive behavior in which ideas, images, and mental symbols are created (American Psychological Association). Thinking includes imagining, remembering, concept formation, daydreaming, etc.
Have you ever heard a song or tune from your childhood and felt an instant rush of nostalgia or happiness? That tune and the happiness/nostalgic feeling are interconnected by association, which we call Classical Conditioning.
Classical Conditioning is a psychological phenomenon in which one learns by pairing two or more stimuli to create an association. It is the process of creating a link between a conditioned stimulus and a conditioned response.
Dr. Seymour Feshbach is an eminent professor in the department of psychology at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He was born in New York City at 1925; In 1951, he was awarded PhD in psychology at Yale University.
Muted group theory is a critical theory concerning the certain groups of people who remain powerless compared to the others.
Introduction
Media effects refer to how mass media affects its audience in decision making. Priming is considered as the predecessor of agenda setting, one of the theories of media effects. Priming has its base in cognitive psychology which relates to associative network model of human memory. This concept details how one thought may generate associated thoughts.
Introduction
Everett Rogers (1931 – 2004) was born at Carroll, Iowa in his family’s Farm. He was well-known Professor, Researcher, advisor and a former editor for a newspaper and reporter too. He earned his PhD in 1957 at Iowa State University of Science and Technology in the field of Sociology and statistics.
In most instances, we engage in certain behaviors because we want to. After all, I want to watch a movie or play badminton because I want to do so. Hence, it is appropriate to say that some level of thought has gone into my choosing to do a certain behavior.
History
Mark .l Knapp (born on July 12th, 1938) is a renowned teaching professor at the University of Texas and is greatly known for his works in nonverbal communication research and in evolving interactions. He developed a theoretical model for relational enhancement which routes the interpersonal development between two people.
Amy is well aware of the benefits of engaging in some form of physical activity. Yet, she wakes up feeling zero motivation to move her body an inch. So she chooses to stick to her daily routine of waking up, glugging down a mug of cold coffee and driving her way to the office. She feels guilty about it every single day and decides things will change tomorrow.
In the mid 20th century most of the developing countries and third world nations have used this social responsibility theory of the press, which is associated with “the Commission of the Freedom of Press” at United States in 1949.
An effective communication takes place when the message sent across by the conveyer is clear and easily comprehended by the receiver and relevant response is fed back to the one who conveyed the message and the flow continues similarly.
Does “communicate” only mean talking and having verbal conversations? Won’t anything beyond that be considered as a form of communication?
Communication is a tool with which we exercise our influence on others, bring out changes in our and others’ attitudes, motivate the people around us and establish and maintain relationships with them.
As things become heated up, a big argument spews between Nicole and Petra. They are throwing cuss words and hurtful statements at each other without realizing the kind of consequences it would later lead to. In that overwhelming moment, both forgot everything about each other and let their impulses completely take over.
So what is the matter exactly?
The study of communication has evolved, especially in how messages are disseminated across societies. One seminal theory that highlights the complexity of message diffusion is the multi-step flow theory.
Communication is fundamental to human interaction, yet its complexity is often underestimated. Over the years, scholars have developed various models to describe how communication works, ranging from simple, linear explanations to more intricate, interactive ones.
The Transactional Model of Communication is one such advanced model that reflects the dynamic, ongoing nature of communication.
