Metacognition is the awareness of one’s thought processes, feelings and emotions. In simple terms, it means to think about thinking, to be aware of one’s thoughts, to evaluate their nature and to regulate them. For example, when a person analyses their thoughts about sexuality, it can be called metacognition.
Reasoning is the process of utilizing one’s understanding to solve a problem or conclude an ideal solution. It includes using existing information to reach a logical conclusion. For example, it could be deciding to buy a smartphone through logic and rationality.
David McClelland, an American psychologist developed the theory of needs in the 1960s. It is also called the Three Needs Theory, acquired needs theory, or Learned needs theory. It is a theory to explain motivation and focuses on 3 specific aspects, namely, achievement, power and affiliation. This theory explains what these needs are and how they can impact our behavior, especially in an industrial setting.